5 Different Types of Autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is typically not categorized into five distinct types. Instead, ASD is a spectrum disorder, which means that it presents differently in each individual. However, there are certain classifications or terms that have been used in the past to describe different presentations or characteristics of autism. Here are five terms that have been used to describe different “types” of autism, although it’s important to note that these are not official diagnostic categories:

1. Classic Autism or Autistic Disorder: This term was used in the past to describe individuals with significant communication and social challenges, as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. It is no longer used as a separate diagnostic category in the current DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition).
2. Asperger’s Syndrome: Asperger’s Syndrome used to be considered a separate diagnosis from autism, characterized by milder symptoms in the areas of social interaction and communication, along with the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. However, in the DSM-5, Asperger’s Syndrome is no longer a separate diagnosis and falls under the broader category of ASD.
3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder – Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS): This term was previously used to describe individuals who displayed some, but not all, of the characteristics of autism. Like Asperger’s Syndrome, PDD-NOS is no longer a separate diagnosis in the DSM-5.
4. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD): CDD is a rare condition characterized by a significant loss of previously acquired skills in multiple areas, such as language, social, motor, and self-help skills. It typically occurs after a period of normal development and is considered a distinct disorder from autism in the DSM-5.
5. Rett Syndrome: Rett Syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects girls almost exclusively. It is characterized by normal early development followed by a loss of acquired skills, repetitive hand movements, and other physical symptoms. Rett Syndrome is not classified as a form of autism but is a separate neurodevelopmental disorder.

It’s important to note that the diagnostic criteria and understanding of autism have evolved over time, and the most current diagnostic manual, the DSM-5, no longer uses these specific terms to categorize different types of autism. Instead, ASD is now recognized as a spectrum disorder with a wide range of symptoms and characteristics that can vary greatly from person to person.